Literature Review Obesity

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Additional studies were found in reference lists of relevant articles, in recently published medical journals and in other review articles.

To find studies related to health economics, the NHSEED (NHS Economic Evaluation Database) and Pub Med databases were searched using the search terms ‘obesity’ and ‘overweight’ in combination with ‘prevent’ (using various suffixes).

Body mass index (BMI) is currently being used by competent authorities as an index of obesity.

Preventive measures to contain the epidemic of obesity have become a major focus of attention.

This report reviews the scientific evidence for medical interventions aimed at preventing obesity during childhood and adolescence.

A systematic literature review involving selection of primary research and other systematic reviews.Obesity results from an incorrect energy balance leading to an increased store of energy, mainly as fat.The major factors that contribute to obesity include over-nutrition, physical inactivity, change of dietary habits, modernization,consumption of high fat, high carbohydrate foods, urbanization and in a minority of patients a physical condition or metabolic disturbance.Although obesity is a global epidemic that affects every socio-economic class, little is available in the literature on the status of the syndrome in Africa.This literature review was therefore written in order to highlight the causes, effects and potential mitigation measures of the syndrome with particular interest on the status of the condition in Africa.SBU has recently updated the evidence concerning the value of preventive interventions against obesity intended to include publications released between 20.The present paper addresses children and adolescents.Thus, 41% of the studies, including 40% of the 33 852 children studied, showed a positive effect from prevention.These results are unlikely to be a random chance phenomenon (P=0.000061).In 2002, the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU) published a report (in Swedish) that examined the body of scientific evidence on interventions to prevent and treat obesity.At that time, the evidence was not sufficiently solid to draw reliable conclusions about the effects of prevention in either adults or children.